The risk of heat stroke can be reduced by observing precautions to avoid overheating and dehydration. Light, loose-fitting clothes will allow perspiration to evaporate and cool the body. Wide-brimmed hats in light colors help prevent the sun from warming the head and neck. Vents on a hat will help cool the head, as will sweatbands wetted with cool water. Strenuous exercise should be avoided during daylight hours in hot weather; so should remaining in confined spaces (such as automobiles) without air-conditioning or adequateventilation.
In hot weather, people need to drink plenty of cool liquids to replace fluids lost from sweating. Thirst is not a reliable sign that a person needs fluids. A better indicator is the color of urine. A dark yellow color may indicate dehydration.
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration in the United States publishes a QuickCard with a checklist designed to help protect from heat stress:
Know signs/symptoms of heat-related illnesses.
Block out direct sun and other heat sources.
Drink fluids often, and before you are thirsty.
Wear lightweight, light-colored, loose-fitting clothes.
Avoid beverages containing alcohol or caffeine.
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